Biopharma Insights The protocol describes the fabrication of fully colored three-dimensional prints of patient-specific, anatomical skull models to be used for surgical simulation. The crucial steps of combining different imaging modalities, image segmentation, three-dimensional model extraction, and production of the prints are explained.
Total time
~5–7 days (imaging acquisition through print completion and post-processing)
Steps
1
Segment medical imaging data for tumor structures
Extract and delineate intracranial tumor and anatomical structures from combined imaging modalities using segmentation software. This isolates the regions of interest for 3D model generation.
▶ 02:09
2
Prepare virtual 3D model for multicolor printing
Convert segmented data into a unified 3D digital model and optimize geometry for printability, ensuring proper file format and resolution for the printing hardware.
▶ 06:16
3
Apply volumetric coloring to model segments
Assign distinct colors to different anatomical regions and tumor zones using specialized software to enable visual differentiation during printing.
▶ 08:06
4
Execute 3D printing and post-process model
Run the multicolor 3D printer using the prepared file and perform post-processing steps including support removal, cleaning, and finishing to create the final patient-specific surgical model.
▶ 10:19